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[Research Report] The Vaccine Adjuvant market size is projected to grow from US$ 2,482.39 million in 2022 to US$ 6,931.55 million by 2030; the market is estimated to record a CAGR of 13.7% during 2022–2030.
Market Insights and Analyst View:
An adjuvant is a component added to vaccine preparations to create a stronger immune response in people receiving the vaccine. The rising occurrence of infectious disease outbreaks and pandemics and regulatory approvals of veterinary vaccine adjuvants are the key factors propelling the market development. However, product recall and adverse effects hamper the vaccine adjuvant market growth.
Growth Drivers:
Support for Developments in Adjuvant Studies and Collaborative Efforts for Product Launches Creates Opportunities for Vaccine Adjuvant Market
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID) plays an important role in developing, discovering, and characterizing new vaccine adjuvants. The institute plays a crucial role in improving the efficacy of current vaccines, designing new or better vaccines against existing and emerging infectious diseases, and developing vaccines to treat allergies, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Additionally, NIAID's vaccine adjuvant research program aims to develop a set of adjuvants, including candidates that can be matched with antigens to optimize the final vaccine efficacy. Therefore, to foster the collaboration between NIAID-supported vaccine adjuvant researchers and a broader scientific community, NIAID established the Vaccine Adjuvant Compendium (VAC) in 2020. This web-based tool displays adjuvant characteristics to help vaccine developers identify adjuvants suitable for their target disease.
Companies in the vaccine business, such as SK Biosciences and GSK, are producing adjuvants on a large scale to meet global demand by implementing growth strategies such as collaborations. For instance, in April 2022, SK Biosciences and GSK announced the submission of a biological license application for SKYCovione to the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (KMFDS) following positive data obtained in Phase 3 clinical trials. Therefore, the support provided by various government authorities to foster vaccine adjuvant research and development, collaborations between top manufacturers, and innovative product launches through such collaborative business strategies are likely to provide lucrative opportunities for the growth of the vaccine adjuvants market during the forecast period.
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Vaccine Adjuvant Market: Strategic Insights
Market Size Value in US$ 2,482.39 million in 2022 Market Size Value by US$ 6,931.55 million by 2030 Growth rate CAGR of 13.7% from 2022 to 2030 Forecast Period 2022-2030 Base Year 2022
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Vaccine Adjuvant Market: Strategic Insights
Market Size Value in | US$ 2,482.39 million in 2022 |
Market Size Value by | US$ 6,931.55 million by 2030 |
Growth rate | CAGR of 13.7% from 2022 to 2030 |
Forecast Period | 2022-2030 |
Base Year | 2022 |
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Speak to AnalystReport Segmentation and Scope:
The “Vaccine Adjuvant market” is segmented based on adjuvant class and type. The market, by adjuvant class, is segmented into mineral salt adjuvant, emulsion adjuvant, liposome adjuvant, and others. The mineral salt adjuvant segment held the largest market share in 2022. The emulsion adjuvant segment is anticipated to register the highest CAGR of 14.6% during 2022–2023. The vaccine adjuvant market, by type, is bifurcated into human vaccine adjuvants and veterinary vaccine adjuvants. The human vaccine adjuvant segment held a larger market share in 2022, and the same segment is anticipated to register a higher CAGR of 14.0% during the forecast period.
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Segmental Analysis:
The human vaccine adjuvant segment held a larger market share in 2022, and the same segment is anticipated to register a higher CAGR of 14.0% during the forecast period. According to the National Institute of Health (NIH) report, adjuvants help antigens induce an early, high, and long-lasting immune response, saving production costs. Examples of adjuvants for human vaccines include aluminum hydroxide and aluminum phosphate, calcium phosphate, and oil emulsions. Further, much progress has been made in the development, isolation, and chemical synthesis of alternative adjuvants, such as derivatives of muramyl dipeptide, monophosphoryl lipid A, liposomes, QS21, MF-59, and immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMS).
SEPPIC offers injectable vaccine adjuvants for formulating effective therapeutic vaccines. These ready-to-use, oil-based adjuvants manufacture stable emulsions when mixed with antigens in an aqueous phase. SEPPIC's MONTANIDE ISA 51 VG is the first therapeutic vaccine against non-small cell lung cancer. This human-adjuvanted vaccine is a key prophylactic product developed using innovative technologies.
Vaccine Adjuvant Market, by Type – 2022 and 2030
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The mineral salt adjuvant segment held the largest share of the vaccine adjuvant market by adjuvant class 2022. The market for the emulsion adjuvant segment is anticipated to grow at the fastest CAGR of 14.6% during the forecast period. Mineral salts such as insoluble aluminum salts and calcium phosphates are used as adjuvants in vaccine formulations. Aluminum salt-based adjuvants help induce early and long-lasting protective immunity. Aluminum adjuvants indicated for use in human vaccines are regulated by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and small amounts of aluminum are added to help the body build higher immunogenicity than the antigen alone in the vaccine. Mineral salt adjuvant formulation at the inflammatory site produces a fast immune response by releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, the ability of mineral salt-based adjuvants to induce a fast immune response toward antigens favors the vaccine adjuvants market growth.
Surfactants are tensioactive compounds containing emulsion. Acting as immunostimulant adjuvants, these compounds are derived from the plant Quillaja saponaria. Five tensioactive adjuvants with "saponins" have been cleared for human use for parenteral administration. They are tensioactive glycosides containing a hydrophobic nucleus of a triterpenoid structure with a carbohydrate chain linked to the nucleus.
Technological Advancement is a Trend in the Vaccine Adjuvant Market
Currently, aluminum salt or gel-based adjuvants are used predominantly in licensed vaccines in the US. Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) adjuvant and hydrophobic copolymers are examples of these components. Hydrophobic microspheres pose challenges during vaccine production, mainly due to environmental waste disposal and contamination issues. Moreover, using these microspheres makes the process time-consuming, costly, and inefficient. Therefore, manufacturers emphasize developing novel technologies to avoid using organic solvents. For example, Aphios’ Vaccine Adjuvant Technology encompasses nanotechnology, and its production includes supercritical, critical, or near-critical fluids with or without polar cosolvents such as ethanol [referred to as superfluids (SFS)]. Biodegradable biopolymers dissolved SFS are mixed with subunit vaccines in an aqueous solution or as a slurry of nanoparticles. Therefore, such new vaccine adjuvant technologies are being developed for making biodegradable polymer nanospheres (PNS) through novel processes, which allows vaccine manufacturers to rule out the use of organic solvents. Thus, technological advancements will likely bring new trends in the vaccine adjuvants market in the coming years.
Regional Analysis:
Based on geography, the global Vaccine Adjuvant market is segmented into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South & Central America, and the Middle East & Africa. In 2022, North America contributed the largest global vaccine adjuvant market share. Asia Pacific is expected to register the highest CAGR during 2022–2030. Accelerated product approvals for vaccine adjuvants bolster Asia Pacific market growth. Additionally, the presence of top manufacturers producing adjuvants further enhances the overall market growth.
Fast product approval processes benefit the vaccine adjuvants market in the US. In May 2023, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) won US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for its Arexvy (respiratory syncytial virus vaccine, adjuvanted) vaccine intended for the prevention of lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) caused by respiratory syncytical virus (RSV). Thus, Arexvy became the world's first FDA-approved RSV vaccine for older adults. In October 2022, Novavax, Inc. received an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) from the FDA for its COVID-19 adjuvanted vaccine, indicated as a booster for adult patients.
The Adjuvant Development BAA Program, Production of Adjuvant Mimics Program, and Advancing Vaccine Adjuvant Research for Tuberculosis (TB) (AVAR-T) are a few of the Adjuvant Development Programs in the US that ensure the availability of novel vaccines for preclinical vaccine studies for both infectious and immune-mediated diseases. Major adjuvants that the US FDA licenses for use in vaccines against infectious diseases include aluminum adjuvants (hydroxide/phosphate); AS04, i.e., 4’-monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL); AS01B, a liposomal formulation of MPL and QS-21; MF59, an oil-in-water emulsion; and CpG 1018, a CpG oligonucleotide. Therefore, fast and well-defined vaccine adjuvant product approval processes and government initiatives for developing vaccine adjuvants propel the demand for vaccine adjuvants in the US.
A list of the vaccines and adjuvants approved by Health Canada is below.
Adjuvant Vaccines Authorized for Use in Canada | |
Brand Name | Adjuvants |
ADACEL | AlPO4 |
ADACEL-POLIO | AlPO4 |
AREXVY | AS01E |
AVAXIM | Al(OH)3 |
BEXSERO | Al(OH)3 |
CERVARIX | AS04 |
BOOSTRIX-POLIO | Al(OH)3, AlPO4 |
FLUAD | MF59 |
GARDASIL 9 | AAHS |
SHINGRIX | AS01B |
Source: Public Health Agency of Canada
Product approvals by Health Canada fuel the vaccine adjuvants market growth. In February 2022, Medicago and GSK announced approval for the COVIFENZ vaccine against COVID-19. Thus, recombinant, adjuvanted vaccines contain plant-based virus-like particles (VLP). Health Canada has approved it for active immunization to prevent COVID-19. According to the Public Health Agency of Canada report, more than 200,000 people of various infections annually, among which 8,000 patients die due to infections spread through healthcare workers, patients, and visitors. Clostridium difficile-associated infection mortality rate among humans has tripled in Canada. Therefore, Canadian manufacturers focus on manufacturing immunomodulators (acting as adjuvants) in vaccines for therapeutic applications. For example, Inimex Pharmaceuticals (Burnaby, Canada) is working on the development of vaccine adjuvanted immunomodulators. Its IMX942 is an IDR-1 derivative that acts as an antimicrobial to treat humans.
In April 2022, Ocugen and Bharat Biotech signed an agreement to codevelop, supply, and commercialize Covaxin (BBV152) in Mexico. The COVAXIN included an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 antigen and an adjuvant. The Mexican health authorities granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) to COVAXIN for usage in adults. The fast approval for developing, supplying, and manufacturing adjuvanted vaccines benefits the vaccine adjuvants market in Mexico.
Industry Developments and Future Opportunities:
Various strategic developments by leading players operating in the vaccine adjuvant market are listed below:
- In April 2022, GSK plc and SK Bioscience submitted a biologics license application for SKYCovione, which is a recombinant protein-based, adjuvanted COVID-19 vaccine candidate. It contains GSK’s pandemic adjuvant. The companies have submitted a biologics license application to the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, following the positive data obtained in Phase III clinical trials.
- In November 2021, Seppic launched MONTANIDE GEL P PR, an aqueous adjuvant based on a polymeric technology exclusively dedicated to avian injectable vaccines, meeting the need for innocuity in the avian vaccine market. In addition, MONTANIDE GEL P PR is particularly stable and can resist destabilizing antigenic media frequently used in avian vaccines.
- In October 2023, SPI Pharma Inc. and Q-Vant Biosciences Inc. announced a partnership that combines Q-Vant's leadership in sustainable saponin extraction technology with SPI's global reach and servicing expertise in the pharmaceutical industry. The arrangement includes investment in the expansion of Q-Vant’s proprietary 100% sustainable Q-SAP technology and an exclusive commercial agreement to accelerate the adoption of their saponin adjuvants for veterinary and human vaccine formulations worldwide.
- In January 2023, the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (KMFDS) granted SK Bioscience enhanced manufacturing and marketing authorization for NuvaxovidTM for its administration in adults aged 18 and above as a booster.
Competitive Landscape and Key Companies:
SPI Pharma Inc, GSK Plc, CSL Ltd, Seppic SA, Hawaii Biotech Inc, Dynavax Technologies Corp, InvivoGen SAS, Croda International Plc, Novavax Inc., and Phibro Animal Health Corp are the prominent companies in the vaccine adjuvant market. These companies focus on new technologies, upgrading existing products, and geographic expansions to meet the growing consumer demand worldwide.
Report Coverage
Revenue forecast, Company Analysis, Industry landscape, Growth factors, and Trends
Segment Covered
Adjuvant Class, Type, and Geography
Regional Scope
North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa, South & Central America
Country Scope
This text is related
to country scope.
Frequently Asked Questions
Global vaccine adjuvants market is segmented by region into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa and South & Central America. North America held the largest market share of the vaccine adjuvants market in 2022.
The human vaccine segment dominated the global vaccine adjuvants market and held the largest market share in 2022.
A vaccine adjuvant is an agent that increases a specific immune response to an antigen. Aluminum salts are the only approved vaccine adjuvants currently licensed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). All other adjuvants are considered experimental and must undergo special preclinical testing.
The vaccine adjuvants market majorly consists of the players such SPI Pharma Inc, GSK Plc, CSL Ltd, Seppic SA, Hawaii Biotech Inc, Dynavax Technologies Corp, InvivoGen SAS, Croda International Plc, Novavax Inc, Phibro Animal Health Corp, and amongst others.
GSK and Novovax are the top two companies that hold huge market shares in the vaccine adjuvants market.
Key factors that are driving the growth of this market are rising infectious diseases and pandemic and product approvals of veterinary vaccine adjuvants are expected to boost the market growth for the vaccine adjuvants over the years.
The mineral salts segment held the largest share of the market in the global vaccine adjuvants market and held the largest market share in 2022.
The CAGR value of the vaccine adjuvants market during the forecasted period of 2022-2030 is 13.7%.
The List of Companies - Vaccine Adjuvant Market
- SPI Pharma Inc
- GSK Plc
- CSL Ltd
- Seppic SA
- Hawaii Biotech Inc
- Dynavax Technologies Corp
- InvivoGen SAS
- Croda International Plc
- Novavax Inc
- Phibro Animal Health Corp
The Insight Partners performs research in 4 major stages: Data Collection & Secondary Research, Primary Research, Data Analysis and Data Triangulation & Final Review.
- Data Collection and Secondary Research:
As a market research and consulting firm operating from a decade, we have published many reports and advised several clients across the globe. First step for any study will start with an assessment of currently available data and insights from existing reports. Further, historical and current market information is collected from Investor Presentations, Annual Reports, SEC Filings, etc., and other information related to company’s performance and market positioning are gathered from Paid Databases (Factiva, Hoovers, and Reuters) and various other publications available in public domain.
Several associations trade associates, technical forums, institutes, societies and organizations are accessed to gain technical as well as market related insights through their publications such as research papers, blogs and press releases related to the studies are referred to get cues about the market. Further, white papers, journals, magazines, and other news articles published in the last 3 years are scrutinized and analyzed to understand the current market trends.
- Primary Research:
The primarily interview analysis comprise of data obtained from industry participants interview and answers to survey questions gathered by in-house primary team.
For primary research, interviews are conducted with industry experts/CEOs/Marketing Managers/Sales Managers/VPs/Subject Matter Experts from both demand and supply side to get a 360-degree view of the market. The primary team conducts several interviews based on the complexity of the markets to understand the various market trends and dynamics which makes research more credible and precise.
A typical research interview fulfils the following functions:
- Provides first-hand information on the market size, market trends, growth trends, competitive landscape, and outlook
- Validates and strengthens in-house secondary research findings
- Develops the analysis team’s expertise and market understanding
Primary research involves email interactions and telephone interviews for each market, category, segment, and sub-segment across geographies. The participants who typically take part in such a process include, but are not limited to:
- Industry participants: VPs, business development managers, market intelligence managers and national sales managers
- Outside experts: Valuation experts, research analysts and key opinion leaders specializing in the electronics and semiconductor industry.
Below is the breakup of our primary respondents by company, designation, and region:
Once we receive the confirmation from primary research sources or primary respondents, we finalize the base year market estimation and forecast the data as per the macroeconomic and microeconomic factors assessed during data collection.
- Data Analysis:
Once data is validated through both secondary as well as primary respondents, we finalize the market estimations by hypothesis formulation and factor analysis at regional and country level.
- 3.1 Macro-Economic Factor Analysis:
We analyse macroeconomic indicators such the gross domestic product (GDP), increase in the demand for goods and services across industries, technological advancement, regional economic growth, governmental policies, the influence of COVID-19, PEST analysis, and other aspects. This analysis aids in setting benchmarks for various nations/regions and approximating market splits. Additionally, the general trend of the aforementioned components aid in determining the market's development possibilities.
- 3.2 Country Level Data:
Various factors that are especially aligned to the country are taken into account to determine the market size for a certain area and country, including the presence of vendors, such as headquarters and offices, the country's GDP, demand patterns, and industry growth. To comprehend the market dynamics for the nation, a number of growth variables, inhibitors, application areas, and current market trends are researched. The aforementioned elements aid in determining the country's overall market's growth potential.
- 3.3 Company Profile:
The “Table of Contents” is formulated by listing and analyzing more than 25 - 30 companies operating in the market ecosystem across geographies. However, we profile only 10 companies as a standard practice in our syndicate reports. These 10 companies comprise leading, emerging, and regional players. Nonetheless, our analysis is not restricted to the 10 listed companies, we also analyze other companies present in the market to develop a holistic view and understand the prevailing trends. The “Company Profiles” section in the report covers key facts, business description, products & services, financial information, SWOT analysis, and key developments. The financial information presented is extracted from the annual reports and official documents of the publicly listed companies. Upon collecting the information for the sections of respective companies, we verify them via various primary sources and then compile the data in respective company profiles. The company level information helps us in deriving the base number as well as in forecasting the market size.
- 3.4 Developing Base Number:
Aggregation of sales statistics (2020-2022) and macro-economic factor, and other secondary and primary research insights are utilized to arrive at base number and related market shares for 2022. The data gaps are identified in this step and relevant market data is analyzed, collected from paid primary interviews or databases. On finalizing the base year market size, forecasts are developed on the basis of macro-economic, industry and market growth factors and company level analysis.
- Data Triangulation and Final Review:
The market findings and base year market size calculations are validated from supply as well as demand side. Demand side validations are based on macro-economic factor analysis and benchmarks for respective regions and countries. In case of supply side validations, revenues of major companies are estimated (in case not available) based on industry benchmark, approximate number of employees, product portfolio, and primary interviews revenues are gathered. Further revenue from target product/service segment is assessed to avoid overshooting of market statistics. In case of heavy deviations between supply and demand side values, all thes steps are repeated to achieve synchronization.
We follow an iterative model, wherein we share our research findings with Subject Matter Experts (SME’s) and Key Opinion Leaders (KOLs) until consensus view of the market is not formulated – this model negates any drastic deviation in the opinions of experts. Only validated and universally acceptable research findings are quoted in our reports.
We have important check points that we use to validate our research findings – which we call – data triangulation, where we validate the information, we generate from secondary sources with primary interviews and then we re-validate with our internal data bases and Subject matter experts. This comprehensive model enables us to deliver high quality, reliable data in shortest possible time.
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